第一章 英文合同概述(General Introduction)In view of all this, we are making a binding agreement, putting it in writing, and our leaders, our Levites and our priests are affixing their seals to it.（Nehemiah BIBLE NIV）因这一切的事，我们立确实的约，写在册上。我们的首领，利未人，和祭司都签了名。【尼西米】《圣经》新国际版 合同，古称契约（港台现仍多用此语），“契”者即证券，证明买卖、抵押、租赁等关系的文书，如契据、房契等。古代典籍中常见此语，《易·系辞》就有“后时圣人易之以书契。”“约”者即共同商定的事,共同议定要遵守的条文，如和约、条约等。《三国演义》中就有“昔高祖约法三章,黎民皆感其德。”而西方在早在〈〈圣经〉〉中就有关于上帝在西乃山与以色列人立约的记载。挪亚方舟就是籍着上帝与挪亚的契约而建造的：But with thee will I establish my covenant; and thou shalt come into the ark, thou, and thy sons, and thy wife, and thy sons’ wives with thee. （但我要与你立约，你以及你的儿子、妻子和儿媳，要与你一同进入方舟。）第一节 合同与协议(Contract and Agreement)而在现代英语合同中，合同一般称为Contract，协议一般称为Agreement。那么Contract和Agreement是一回事吗？他们之间又有什么关系呢？《中华人民共和国民法通则》第85条规定：“合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事关系的协议”（A contract shall be an agreement whereby the parties establish, change or terminate their civil relationship）。《中华人民共和国合同法》第二条规定：“合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议”（Contracts referred to in this Law are agreements between equal natural persons, legal persons and other organizations for the purpose of establishing, altering and terminating mutual civil rights and obligations）。美国法律整编合同法第二次汇编定义合同为：“合同乃为一个允诺或一组允诺。违反此一允诺时，法律给予救济；或其允诺之履行，法律在某些情况下视之为一项义务。”（A contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the performance of which the law in some way recognizes as a duty.）（Restatement，Second, Contracts, Section 1）这一定义在Steven H. Gifts 编著的Law Dictionary被完全引述. 但一般而言，Contract，乃两个以上当事人间具有法律约束力之协议，或由一个以上当事人所为一组具有法律约束力之允诺。（A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties or a set of legal binding promises made by one party or more.(G. C. Lindsay, Contract, 3rd ed. 1992) 这一表述在L.B. Curzon编撰的Dictionary of Law中概括为“A legally binding agreement creating enforceable obligations.” Chris Turner在其编撰的Contract Law中定义的更为具体明了“A contract is an agreement between two parties by which both are bound in law and which can therefore be enforced in a court or other equivalent forum.”即合同就是对合同方具有法律上约束力，可由法院或其他同等管辖地强制执行的协议。而在Black’s Law Dictionary（Eighth Edition）对contract 的定义多达8项：1. An agreement two or more parties creating obligations that are enforceable or otherwise recognzable at law 2.The writing that set forth such an agreement.3.引述美国法律整编合同法第二次汇编“contract”的定义.4. Broadly, any legal duty or set of duties not imposed by the law of tort; esp., a duty created by a decree or declaration of a court. 5. The body of law dealing with agreement and exchange.6. The term of an agreement or any particular term. 7.Loosely, a sale or conveyance. 8. Loosely, an enforceable agreement between two or more parties to do or not to do a thing or a set of things; a compact.至于agreement，L.B. Curzon的Dictionary of Law定义为：“Ａ consensus of minds, or evidence of such consensus, in spoken or written form, relating to anything done or to be done.”是对已做和待做的有关事宜以口头或书面形式做出的相同意思表示或该意思表示的证据。而在Black’s Law Dictionary（Eighth Edition）给Agreement下了两个定义：一个是“A mutual understanding between two or more persons about their relative duites and obligations regarding past or future performances; a manifestation of mutual assent by two or more persons. ”即双方或多方就过去或将来的相关职责和义务的履行而达成相互的理解；双方或多方相互达成一致的表现形式。另一个是“The Parties’ acutal bargain as found in their language or by implication from other circumstances, including course of dealing, usage of trade and course of performance.”即当事人通过语言或其他情形暗示而确立的实际约定，包括交易常例、贸易习惯以及履行惯例。在ENGLISH-CHINISE BILINGUAL LAW DICTIONARY (2nd ed.)中对agreement作出了如下解释：document setting out the contractual terms agreed between two parties or contract between two parties where one party makes an offer, and the other party accepts it.协议，协定，合同（列出双方当事人同意和约定条件的文件）Contract(合同)和Agreement(协议)到底能不能相互替换呢？让我们来看看英文合同相关书籍和词典的说法。Chris Turner在其Contract Law中是这样阐述合同的成立：“There are three key ingredients to formation(of contracts): agreement-based on mutuality over the terms, agreement exists when a valid acceptance follows a valid offer; consideration-given by both sides, the quid pro quo, and the proof that the bargain exists; intention to create legal relations-since a contract is legally enforceable, unlike mere gratuitous promises. 即合同成立的三个要件：协议（基于要约与承诺形成对条款的相互一致而存在）、约因（双方付出的对价及对价存在的证据）和设立法律关系的意愿。（合同具有法律上的执行力，不同于纯粹的无偿赠予的允诺）这里也是用agreement来解释contract的，认为contract（合同）是一种符合一定条件的agreement（协议）。在英语法律用语中虽然多用“agreement”来解释“contract”，其实也有偶用“contract”解释“agreement”的情形，如：Agreement,…(2) A contract (The Law Dictionary) 甚至有在同一句中交替使用的实例，如：If the contract contains an innocent mistake, you can get out of the agreement if the mistake is important. (What Should I Know About Contracts, The State Bar of California, 2 Edi. 1984), 还有更为明确的：Agreement. Synonym for Contract (Robert LeRoy & Kenneth A. Buths, Business Law and Taxes, “Glossary”, 1984)而在Black’s Law Dictionary对agreement的注释中也能看到“The term’agreement’ frequently as synymous with the word”contract”, is really an expression greater breath of meaning and less technicality. Every contract is an agreement,; but not every agreement is a contract. In its colloquial sense, the term ‘agreement’ would include any arrangement between two or more persons intended to affect their relations (whether legal or otherwise) to each other. An accepted invitation to dinner, for example, would be an agreement in this sense; but it would not be a contract, because it would neither be intended to create, nor would it in fact create, any legal obligation between the parties to it. Further, even an agreement which is intended to affect the obligations of the parties does not necessarily amount to a contract in the strict sense of the term. For instance, a conveyance of land or a gift of a chattel, though involving an agreement is … not a contract; because its primary legal operation is to effect a transfer of property, and not to create an obligation.” 2 Stephen’s Commmentaries on the laws of England 5 (L. Crispin Warmington ed., 21st ed. 1950).“An agreement, as the courts have said, ‘is nothing more than a mannefestation of mutual assent’ by two or more legally competent persons to one another’ by two or more legally competent persons to one another. Agreementis in some respects a broader term than contract, or even than bargain or promise. It covers excluded sales, gifts, and other transfers of property.” Samuel Williston, A Treaties on the Law of Contracts § at 6 (Walter H.E. Jaeger ed., 3d ed.1957).综上所述，我们不难看出，汉语的法律用语仅用协议来解释合同，而英语的法律用语往往不很严格，多用Agreement解释Contract, 但也有用Contract解释Agreement的情形, 虽说大多情况Contract与Agreement有所区别，有时候两者还可以作为同义词互换使用。可以说contract都是协议，但协议不一定就是Contract。但就广义的协议和合同来讲，还是有区别的：从成立的宗旨上看，协议十分宽泛不囿于为了当事人间形成法律或其他关系，即便是为影响当事人的义务也未必形成严格意义上的合同关系，如不动产转让或动产赠与。从内容、条款上看，合同较为具体、详尽，着眼于微观，而协议则较为原则、粗疏，致力于宏观。实践中往往合作方就某一项目达成协议对有关原则问题作出约定，然后在此基础上签订合同，再全面明确各项具体的细节。从涉及范围上看，合同的标的往往比较单一集中，也很明确；通常都是一事一议，就事论事，而协议的标的往往比较广泛；一项大型项目的协议往往包括或分解成若干个具体的合同。从书写格式上看，合同已基本格式化了，大家可以看到许多的合同范本；而协议的格式相对灵活一些，没有什么固定的格式。而狭义的协议和合同并无分别，只是用语上和习惯上的称呼而已。第二节 合同的种类与名称（Categories and Titles）一份英文法律文件, 到底是不是英文合同, 就要看它的内容是否符合合同的要求。一般而言合同不外乎包括人、事、时、地、物五大要素，也就是4W1H (Who, When, Where, What, How),如果你手上的文件内容包括了这五项要素而且签署生效，该文件就应该具有了合同的性质，而不论它是以何面目出现的。常见的英文合同名称可分为以下四大类：一、 合同、协议（Contract; Agreement）文件名称直接标明“Contract”或“Agreement”是最常见的英文合同。《中华人民共和国》第九章到第二十三章就合同种类作了概括，它们分别是买卖合同；供用电、水、气、热力合同；赠与合同；借款合同；租赁合同；融资租赁合同；承揽合同；建设工程合同；运输合同；技术合同；保管合同；仓储合同；委托合同；行纪合同；居间合同等十五大类。（Sales Contracts, Contracts for Supply of Power, Water, Gas or Heat, Donation Contracts, Loan Contracts, Leasing Contracts, Financial Leasing Contract, Work-for-hire Contracts, Construction Project Contracts, Carriage Contracts, Technology Contracts, Safe-keeping Contracts, Warehousing Contracts, Agency Appointment Contracts, Commission Agency Contracts, Brokerage Contracts）而常见的协议有委托代理协议（Agency Agreement）、合伙协议( Partnership Agreement、股份转让协议(Shares Assignment Agreement)、保密协议(Confidentiality Agreement)、竞业禁止协议(Non-compete Agreement)、聘用协议（Employment Agreement）等等。二、 意向书（Letter of Intent）文件名称如果标明“Letter of Intent”, “Memorandum of Understanding”(简称MOU, 通常翻译为谅解备忘录)，甚至只称为“Memorandum”（简称Memo，通常称之为备忘录）。另外，也有标明“Minute of Talks”(即会谈纪要)。这些法律文件往往是当事人双方在商洽合作中形成的，可以称之为准合同文件，虽然，从名称上看，它们似乎不是合同或者协议，但这些法律文件，如果经当事人签订，即具有一定的法律约束力。甚至，由于没有形成正式的合同或协议，而径直依据这些文件而进行实质的合作，使之具有合同或协议的性质。那就是说，合同的效力不能被其名称所拘束，如果上述的法律文件，其中完整明确地记载了交易的条款，当事人如果依据该条款内容履行，双方也能达成交易目的。那么这份法律文件就应当视为双方的合同或者协议。三、 契约（Covenant, Indenture, Deed, Compact，Protocol）英文合同还有一些约定俗成的名称。Covenant, 主要指不动产转让的合同或证明文件，英文合同如果基于传统英美法对价的存在，也会用到这个词, 表示双方达成的契约。如：In consideration of mutual premises and covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows: Indenture通常也是指不动产转让的契约文件，Deed一般指地契、房契，Compact多用于国家间的协定、协议。Protocol, 通常翻译为草约或者议定书，往往也是双方会谈结果的文字依据。经双方签字后，即受其约束，对草约内容承担法律责任，如果需要补充、修改、完善，双方还会签订补充的协议。四、 其他书函（Letter; Waiver; Guaranty; Power of Attorney）英文合同有时候非常简短，形式上就像信函一样，姑且称之为书函类的英文合同，常常用"Letter"（函），"Waiver"（弃权书），"Guaranty"（保证书），"Power of Attorney"（委托书）等简单明确的字眼作为合同的名称。相对于"Agreement"或"Contract"类的合同，书函类的合同一般具有补充或附属的性质，而且经常出现在“Agreement”或“Contract”类合同的附件中。当然书函类的合同对双方当事人也有完全的拘束力。例如：甲公司向乙银行贷款，由丙公司做担保人，通常甲公司与乙银行会签署一份总协议（General Agreement），做为双方往来的主要依据，再由丙公司签署一份保证书（Guaranty）给乙银行，而乙银行每次拨款时，会发出一份授信书（Credit Letter或Facility Letter）给甲公司，授信书上会载明授信额度，作为甲公司申请拨款的依据。由本例中三份合同可以看出，General Agreement系授信的主要依据，甲公司和丙银行间的权利义务关系主要由General Agreement来规范，而Guaranty及Credit Letter均为附属在General Agreement架构下的小合同。丙公司因签署了Guaranty，因此对乙银行负有保证义务，乙银行因为签署了Credit Letter，因此对甲公司就发生了拨款的义务。本书撰写的方式，是针对名称为"Agreement（狭义）"或"Contract"类型的合同文件做阅读方法的说明，其原因即在于此类文件的合同结构复杂而内容完整，读者若能掌握阅读此类合同的要领，阅读其它类型的英文合同时自然就“No Problem”没问题了。

Contract Party A: Party B: According to the Contract Law of People’s Republic of China as well as other relevant laws and regulations, through friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B entrusted to undertake design, and reached the following agreement: Commitment Party A entrusted Party B ______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________. Draft design period ___ working days Design Fee Total design fee: RMB Payment: Party A should pay 60% of total designing fee once signing the contract, i.e RMB. After confirming the designing schedule and style, and when in need of adjusting on electric designs, Party A should pay 30% of total design fee, i.e RMB After fixing the complete designing schedule, Party A should pay the balance of the design fee, i.e RMB, Party B should hand over the printing CD after receiving the balance of payment. Period and means of delivery of the design plan. Party B must complete the draft of design within the time agreed by the two parties. If party B can not complete on time due to reduplicative changes from Party A, the delivery time can be put off. To ensure the smooth cooperation, Party A must confirm or make suggestion within three working days after receipt of the design from Party B, Party B should not exceed five working days to feedback the suggestion. Party A should supply the necessary designing information within 20 working days after signing of the contract. As Party A (not supply complete information and so on) make the design delayed, if delayed time more than three months (subject to the date of contract), Party A should pay the balance design fee, Party B will carry on making the design. If more than six months, this contract will automatically be terminated. Party B will supply the original CD. If Party A still need Party B to make the design, Party A should pay anther palette and design fee. After the final confirmation of the design, Party B should supply the colored prints and electronic documents. Party A should bear the actual cost if needs the printing sample. Intellectual Property. Before Party A pay off all the design fee, Party B own the copyright, Party A can not use this design, and have no any right of this works. Party A have the right to sign the Copyright Transfer Contract, to have the proprietary rights, rights of use and alterations after paying off the payment. Copyright of design not used by Party A still belongs to Party B, Party A do not have any right for this. After the final confirmation by Party A, if as the changes of Party A’s company name or commodity name to change the design plan or have all different idea with the original plan, it should be as new plan, and Party A should pay the balance fee, and sign new contract, Party B will make new design plan. After paying off, Party B can not alter the design and give any other company. Responsibility and authority Responsibility of Party A Party A should try their best to supply the information for this design. Once finding the mistake, oversight or disagreement with the contract, Party A should inform Party B in writing timely, and Party B should make amendment in time. Party A should abide by the payment terms in the contract. Party A should make the confirmation for all the documents and things that need confirmed timely. Party A have the right to give a suggestion for Party B’s design and make the works accords with the enterprise culture. Responsibility of Party B Party B must make the plan and creative design according to the requirement in the contract made by Party A, and make full use of specialized knowledge and experience, to supply first design and service to Party A. Party B should supply all the design documents, making sizes and designs of every period according to the all requirement of the contract and appendix, and complete the design. Party B should make the design according to the things that confirmed by Party A critically. Party B should make the design creation as the requirement of Party A and supply the satisfied works.

Booking Note QUANTITY AND QUALITY 5000 wet metric tons +/-10% in Seller’s option expected to assay approximately as follows: Element Assay CIQ Rejection Level      Cu % 22 - 30   Pb % < 6 6  Zn % 5 – 10   Au g/t 0.5 - 2   Ag g/t 300 - 600   S % 28 - 33   As % 0.2 - 0.5 

聘用合同 EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT 聘用方: 受聘方: Employer: Employee: 受聘方(以下称为外籍教师)自愿来到深圳市**文化发展有限公司担任英语教师。聘用方和外籍教师本着友好合作的精神，同意签定合同并保证认真履行合同中约定的各项义务。 The Employee (hereafter referred to as “Foreign Teacher”) willingly comes to Shenzhen to be a teacher at ** Education. The Employer and the Foreign Teacher, in a spirit of friendly cooperation, agree to sign this contract and pledge to all the obligations stipulated in it. 一、外籍教师职责 Foreign Teacher’s Duties and Responsibilities 1.合同期间，外籍教师需遵守公司的工作时间与公司规定，并且不允许在合同期内辞职。 The Foreign Teacher should comply with the schedule and regulations of ** Education, and he/she must not resign during the contract term. 2. 外籍教师必须提供真实有效的身份证件，如因证件原因产生的后果自行负责。 The Foreign Teacher must provide the real ID certificates, and be responsible for the consequences caused by the fake certificates. 3. 外籍教师应使用聘用方提供的教学材料，制定合适的教学计划，保证教学质量。 The Foreign Teacher will use the teaching materials provided by the Employer and will develop an appropriate teaching plan. The Foreign Teacher should apply this teaching plan to ensure the delivery of high-quality lessons. 4. 外籍教师主要的工作内容： The Foreign Teacher’s main working contents : 讲授语音课与口语课。 To teach Oral English Lesson. 担任口语大赛的评委。 To be a judge in the Oral English Competition. 组织备课和与家长学生互动活动。 To prepare lessons before class and organize interaction activities with parents and students. 若教学时间有变动，应服从聘用方的安排，不得有异议。 If the schedule of the classes is changed, the Foreign Teacher should obey the employer’s arrangement with no objection. 工作时间： 年 月 日 至 年 月 日，周一到周六，每天6-8课时。 Working time： from Monday to Saturday, from to , with 6 – 8 classes per day. 5. 外籍教师同意在**文化发展有限公司三个分校任教（雁盟分校、桃源居分校、福永分校）。 The Foreign Teacher will teach in the three branch schools of ** Education which are Yanmeng branch, Taoyuanju branch and Fuyong branch. 6. 外籍教师在上课时间不得迟到，若迟到5分钟以上，每次罚款50元。 The Foreign Teacher must not be late for school. If he/she is late for school over 5 minutes each time, it will be a penalty of 50RMB each time. 二、聘用方职责 Employer’s Duties and Responsibilities 1. 聘用方将对外籍教师的工作进行指导和评价。 The Employer will provide guidance and evaluation of the Foreign Teacher’s work. 2. 聘用方将安排一位中教协助外籍教师授课。 A Chinese teacher will be arranged to assist the Foreign Teacher in teaching.

英文合同中的“根据、依据、按照”的表达 ?/ (2012-06-10 16:04:47) /转载▼ 标签：? 英文合同 ? 杂谈 分类：?英文合同条款术语参考资料  / “根据，依据、按照”的表达在英文合同中使用非常频繁，特别是重要的责任义务条款和规定，要么依据法律法规，要么依据本合同其他条款的相应规定。因此，必须对此类表达非常明确，不可含糊。常用的表达方式有： in accordance with; under; pursuant to，according to，?subject to，on the basis of?等等。 ? 例??中标人的投标保证金，?在中标人按本须知第34条规定签订合同，按本须知第35条规定交纳了履约保证金，并按本须知第36条规定交纳了招标服务费后予以退还。 The successful Bidder’s bid security wi11 be discharged upon the Bidder signing the contract, pursuant to?ITB Clause 34, and furnishing the performance security,?pursuant to?ITB Clause 35,and payment of Tendering service fee?pursuant to?ITB Clause 36. ? 例??Agency shall not commence work on any project?pursuant to?this Agreement without first estimating costs for preparation, including copy, service layout, art, engraving, typography, processing, paste up and production. After determining the estimated cost, completion of the work shall be subject to Advertiser’s prior approval. 根据此协议，代理商不可以不进行任何费用评估就开始对任何项目的工作，包括：复印，服务设计，版画，版面设计，加工，粘贴和生产。在决定预计费用后，工作的完成应由广告商的预先批准。 ? 例??The bid security is required to protect the Tendering Agent and the Tenderer against the risk of Bidder’s conduct which would warrant the security’s forfeiture,?pursuant to?ITB Clause 15.7. 投标保证金是为了保护招标机构和招标人免遭因投标人的行为而蒙受损失。招标机构和招标人在因投标人的行为受到损害时可根据本须知第15.7条的规定没收投标人的投标保证金。 ? 例??During the term of this Agreement, Agency may not accept employment from render services to represent or otherwise be affiliated with any person, firm, corporation or entity in connection with any product or service directly or indirectly competitive with or similar to any product or service of Advertiser with respect to which the Agency is providing any service?pursuant to?this Agreement. 在此协议期间，代理商不得接受来自雇用机构的聘用，来代表或和任何与广告商的任何或类似的产品或服务直接或间接竞争的人，公司，企业或实体联系，根据此协议，代理商不可提供任何服务给他们。 ? 例??This Agreement shall be construed and enforced?in accordance with?the laws of the state of China. 本协议应根据中国的法律来理解和实施。 ? 例??招标人根据招标项目的具体情况，可以组织潜在投标人踏勘项目现场。 In accordance with?the specific circumstances of the project for which bids are invited, the bid inviting party may organize an on-the-spot survey of the project for the potential bidders. ? 例??On the FOB basis, the Buyer shall book shipping space?in accordance with?the date of shipment specified in the Contract. 按照FOB条件，由买方负责根据合同规定的装运日期洽定舱位。 ? 例Advertiser shall not be obligated to reimburse Agency for any travel or other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of services?pursuant to?this Agreement unless expressly agreed by Advertiser in advance. 广告商将没有责任支付根据此项协议任何在执行此服务中所产生的任何旅行费用或其它实付费用，除非提前由由广告商明确同意。 ? 例??The contractor shall,?in accordance with?this contract, enjoy full autonomy in its business operation and be responsible for their own profits and losses. 承包方依合同规定自主经营、自负盈亏。

股东合作协议书 Shareholders ’ Cooperation Agreement 甲方名称：*********有限责任公司 地 址：********** 电 话：********** 传 真：********** 法定代表人：********** Party A: ********** Co., ltd. Address: No. ********, ******** Road, ******** City, ******** Province Tel: ********** Fax: ********** legal representative: ********** 乙方名称：**********有限公司 地 址：********** 座 机：********** 移动固话：********** 传 真：********** 法定代表人：********** Party B: ********** Co., Ltd Address: Room**********, ********** Road,********** District,Beijing, China Tel: ********** Mobile: ********** Fax: ********** legal representative: ********** 丙方名称：********** 地 址：********** Phone ：********** Fax ：********** 法定代表人：********** Party C: ********** Address: ********** Tel: ********** Fax ：**********

海洋运输货物保险条款（附英文） 一、责任范围 本保险分为平安险、水渍险及一切险三种。被保险货物遭受损失时，本保险按照保险单上订明承保险别的条款规定，负赔偿责任。 （一）平安险 本保险负责赔偿： 1、被保险货物在运输途中由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水自然灾害造成整批货物的全部损失或推定全损。当被保险人要求赔付推定全损时，须将受损货物及其权利委付给保险公司。被保险货物用驳船运往或运离海轮的，每一驳船所装的货物可视作一个整批。推定全损是指被保险货物的实际全损已经不可避免，或者恢复、修复受损货物以及运送货物到原订目的地的费用超过该目的地的货物价值。 2、由于运输工具遭受搁浅、触礁、沉没、互撞、与流冰或其他物体碰撞以及失火、爆炸意外事故造成货物的全部或部份损失。 3、在运输工具已经发生搁浅、触礁、沉没、焚毁意外事故的情况下，货物在此前后又在海上遭受恶劣气候、雷电、海啸等自然灾害所造成的部份损失。 4、在装卸或转运时由于一件或数件整件货物落海造成的全部或部份损失。 5、被保险人对遭受承保责任内危险的货物采取抢救、防止或减少货损的措施而支付的合理费用，但以不超过该批被救货物的保险金额为限。 6、运输工具遭遇海难后，在避难港由于卸货所引起的损失以及在中途港，避难港由于卸货，存仓以及运送货物所产生的特别费用。 7、共同海损的牺牲、分摊和救助费用。 8、运输契约订有“船舶互撞责任”条款，根据该条款规定应由货方偿还船方的损失。 （二）水渍险 除包括上列平安险的各项责任外，本保险还负责被保险货物由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水自然灾害所造成的部份损失。 （三）一切险 除包括上列平安险和水渍险的各项责任外，本保险还负责被保险货物在运输途中由于外来原因所致的全部或部分损失。 二、除外责任 本保险对下列损失不负赔偿责任： （一）被保险人的故意行为或过失所造成的损失。 （二）属于发货人责任所引起的损失。 （三）在保险责任开始前，被保险货物已存在的品质不良或数量短差所造成的损失。 （四）被保险货物的自然损耗、本质缺陷、特性以及市价跌落；运输迟延所引起的损失或费用。 （五）本公司海洋运输货物战争险条款和货物运输罢工险条款规定的责任范围和除外责任。 三、责任起讫 （一）本保险负“仓至仓”责任，自被保险货物运离保险单所载明的起运地仓库或储存处所开始运输时生效，包括正常运输过程中的海上、陆上、内河和驳船运输在内，直至该项货物到达保险单所载明目的地收货人的最后仓库或储存处所或被保险人用作分配、分派或非正常运输的其他储存处所为止。如末抵达上述仓库或储存处所，则以被保险货物在最后卸载港全部卸离海轮后满六十天为止。如在上述六十天内被保险货物需转运到非保险单所载 明的目的地时，则以该项货物开始转运时终止。 （二）由于被保险人无法控制的运输延迟、绕道、被迫卸货、重行装载、转载或承运人运用运输契约赋予的权限所作的任何航海上的变更或终止运输契约，致使被保险货物运到非保险单所载明目的地时，在被保险人及时将获知的情况通知保险人，并在必要时加缴保险费的情况下，本保险仍继续有效，保险责任按下列规定终止。 1、被保险货物如在非保险单所载明的目的地出售，保险责任至交货时为止，但不论任何情况下，均以被保险货物在卸载港全部卸离海轮后满六十天为止。 2、被保险货物如在上述六十天期限内继续运往保险单所载原目的地或其他目的地时，保险责任仍按上述第（一）款的规定终止。 四、被保险人的义务 被保险人应按照以下规定的应尽义务办理有关事项，如因未履行规定的义务而影响保险人利益时，本公司对有关损失，有权拒绝赔偿。 （一）当被保险货物运抵保险单所载明的目的港（地）以后，被保险人应及时提货，当发现被保险货物遭受任何损失，应即向保险单上所载明的检验、理赔代理人申请检验，如发现被保险货物整件短少或有明显残损痕迹应即向承运人、受托人或有关当局（海关、港务当局等）索取货损货差证明。如果货损货差是由于承运人、受托人或其他有关方面的责任所造成，并应以书面方式向他们提出索赔，必要时还须取得延长时效的认证。